Chinos have two things to lose in the wash: colour and shape. Both fail for the same underlying reason.
Cold water protects the dye
Same rule as any dark cotton — heat opens the fibres and lets dye escape. Cold water keeps the black locked in and, as a side effect, keeps the fabric from relaxing out of its crease as fast.
Skip the dryer, or use the lowest setting
High heat is the fastest way to both fade colour and flatten a chino's structured drape. Air dry on a hanger, by the waistband, and the fabric keeps more of its shape than tumble drying ever allows.
Iron inside out, low heat
If they need ironing, do it inside out. Direct high heat on the outer black surface is one of the more overlooked causes of localised fading, especially at the front crease where an iron gets pressed hardest.
Wash less than instinct says to
Cotton trousers don't need washing after every single wear. Spot-clean and air them out between wears, and save full washes for when they're actually dirty — fewer washes is still the single biggest lever for keeping any black garment black longer.

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